Everything about Glorieta Pass totally explained
Glorieta Pass (elevation 7500 ft.) is a high
mountain pass in the
Sangre de Cristo Mountains of northern
New Mexico. The pass is at a strategic location near at the southern end of the Sangre de Cristos in east central
Santa Fe County southeast of the city of
Santa Fe.
Historically, the pass provided the most direct route through the mountains between the upper valley of the
Pecos River to the east and the upper valley of the
Rio Grande to the west.
In the
19th century, it furnished the route of the westernmost leg of the
Santa Fe Trail between Santa Fe and the
High Plains.
The
Battle of Glorieta Pass, the decisive battle of the
New Mexico Campaign of the
American Civil War was fought near the pass in March
1862. The victory by the
Union Army (primarily in the form of the Colorado Militia) prevented the breakout of the
Confederate Army forces onto the High Plains on the west side of Sangre de Cristo, halting the intended Confederate advance northward along the base of the
Rocky Mountains. The battle is commemorated at
Pecos National Historic Park on the east side of the pass. In the
20th century, the pass became used as the route of
U.S. Highway 84 and later
Interstate 25. The town of
Glorieta is located on the eastern side of the pass.
The stairwells of the Colorado State Capitol Building display cannonballs from the battle as ornaments.
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